Surveyor&#39;s instrument



sept. 11, 1923.. 1,467,424

- P. B. DAYLOR SURVEYOR S INSTRUMENT File-d Aug. 17. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet] Z3 /6 o c i 'lIll IKZ' 'g h l I l* v g3 A 5f f4 7E T Illllllllllllllllllll IIIHII' i [Illu E 7 P., B. DAYLoR SURVEYORS INSTRUMENT sept. 11, 1923. 1,467,424

Filed Aug. 17, 1922 3 Sheets-Slheer. 2

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l P. B. DAYLOR SURVEYORS INSTRUMENT Filed Aug. 17. 1922 s sheets-sheet 5 atto: Mu

Patented Sept. 11, 1923.

PHILIP IB. DAYLOR, F STEELTON, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF T0 CLARK rArsNr ortica.

L. KEPNER, OF STEELTON,'PENNSYLVANI A. j

j sUnvEYoRs INSTRUMENT.

Application led August 17, 1922. Serial No. 582,443.

To all 'whom t may concern.:

Be it known that I, PHILIP 'B. DAYLOR, a citizen of the United States, residing at Steelton, -in the county of Dauphin and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Surveyors Instrument, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an instrument designed primarily for use by surveyors and while itcan be employed in surveys made in connection with most engineering enterp-rises it is more especially adapted for use in making topographical surveys.

One of the objects of the invention is to combine with the usual' surveying outfit.,` a drawing board 'with -which is associated means whereby the data secured in the course of the survey can he laid out upon paper securedto the board and thus permit thesurveyor to immediately map the survey,

thereby insuring greater rapidity, ease andv economy in laying out the results of the sur- Vey than would otherwise be possible.

With the foregoing and other objects in view which will appear as the. description proceeds, the invent-ion resides in the combination and arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that, within the scope of what is claimed, changes in the precise embodiment of the invention sho-wn can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. i

In the accompanying drawings the preferred form of the invention has been shown.

In said drawings- Figure 1 is anend elevation of the instrument. l

Figure 2 is a side elevation thereof, a portion being shownin section.

Figure 3 is a top plan view, parts being shown in section.

Figure 4 is a ho-rizontal section showing the drawing board in plan with the cooperating scale in position thereabove.

Referring to the figures by characters of reference 1 designates a tripod provided a leveling base 3. This b-ase has the usual leveling cups or sockets 4 engaged by the lower y ends of leveling screwsy 5. screws engage the spider-like base portion 6 of a stand 7, there being upwardly converging arcuate arms 8 extending from the Thesel` vwith the usual head or casting 2 engaged by ends of the arms of the spider and merging at their upper ends into a bearing or'guide 9 in which is mounted a sleeve 10 tapered toward one end both inside and out and -having an exterior annular groove 11' for the reception of one end of a holding screw 412.

Seated tightly in this sleeve 10 is a spindlel telescope, sector and the arc are shiftable.

'A finger 23 is extended downwardly from the p-ivoted end portion of an elongated computing scale 24 mounted for movement`r about the aXis 22 and having its outer free end movably engaged by a. longitudinally grooved arcuate guide 25 provided at the outer or large end of the sector 19. Avernier extends from the computingscale in a V21 is iiXed relative to the sector 19 and is v concentric with the axis 22 about which the direction opposite thereto, as indicated'at' 26 and cooperates with the graduated arc 21 for the purposeof 'reading' vertical 'angles when more accurate work is desired than is possible by using ther combination ofv so as to move therewith'. The finger 23 projects between adjusting screws 281 suitably i connected to oneof the standardsjlffand .by

`chart 20 and scale 24. A spirit level 27 is i, 'iiXedly mounted on the computing-scale 24 means of these screws a delicate adjustment of the computing scales and the vernier can be eii'ected so as to bring the graduated edge of the computing scale 24 to a horizontal position indicated by the spirit level 27.

The lower end of the spindle 13 is preferably squared as. indicated at 29 `and is tightly engaged by a. clamp 30 from which projects a fork 31. This fork is attached to the upstanding flange 33 provided along one edge of a scale 34. The center of the straight edge of this scale is in line with the longitudinal center of the spindle 13 and is provided with a graduation indicated by 0, From this central graduation the scale is graduated toward the two ends, the graduations at one side .of the center differing from the graduations at the other side. lThis .arrangement of graduations has been shown clearly in Figure 4.

-Secured on the base or spider 6 of the stand:7 is a Acircular drawing board 35 pref-` erably formed of a well seasoned soft wood fastened into position by means of screws 36 as shown. This drawing board isin a plane at right angles to the longitudinal axis of spindle 13 and is adapted to support asheet yof drawing paper D close to.

but out of contact with the scale 34. This drawing paper is to be attached to the board by thumb tacks T as ordinarily.

It will. be apparent that by providing the drawing boardattachm'ent, the scale 34 and` the other improvements herein `described it becomes possible to immediately map a sur-l vey, more especially topographical, at a great saving of time and labor. By means ofthe chart on the sector 19 used in connection with the computing scale 24 the surveyor is enabled to determine to the nearest foot theI corrected or reduced horizontal and vertical distances after having read the stadia distance. No attempt has been made to loutline specifically the chart used on the sector19 and it is to be understood that this may? vary to suit the tastes of the users and to meet the requirements of the worlr undertaken. It might be stated, however7 that theprinciple upon which the scale 24 and vation than the instrument and reads on the frod stadia distance of 600 feet. The vertical angle Vto this point willthen be indicated by the .top edge of scale 24 and the center line ofthe chart. The topographer isnot.inter,ested in the vertical angle but supposing it to be 15. The edge of the scale 24 at 600 feet would intersect the one set of radial lines on chart 2O showing the corrected or reduced vertical distance to be about 150 feet (within a foot) and also intersect the other set 4of radial lines at a point indicating the corrected or reduced horizontal distance tdbe 561 feet (within a foot). It will be noted that dueto lthe fact that the rod is always held in a vertical po` sition the inclined stadia distance as read on the rodvis'not ythe"truedis'tar'icebut a much longer distance increasing proportion` ally with the vertical angle, therefore necessitating radial lines to be scribed on the chart at approximately right angles to each other. Were it possible to read the true inclined distance by stadia, the linesl on the chartvwould be straight lines and at right angles to each other.

It will be notedthat the scale 34 shifts with the telescope when the same is rotated about the longitudinal axis of'the spindle 13 so that the direction of sight will always be accurately `indicated on the paper secured to the board. While the telescope is thus extended the various elevations 'determined can be designated along the indicated line at the proper distances.

. the combination with a stationary drawing-'f board, of a telescope mounted for rotation about an axis perpendicular to the board7 a scale supported close to the kboard and rotatable with the telescope, said scale having a straight edge intersecting the axis of 4ro-rY tation thereoii` and extending diametrically across the board.

2. In an instrument of the class Idescribed the ,combination with a stationary drawing board, of a telescope mounted forrotation" about an axis perpendicular to the board, a scalesupported close to the board4 and rotatable with the telescope, a computing chart movable with the telescope, a computing scale cooperating with the chart, and means for leveling the scale.

l 3. In an instrument of the class described the combination witha base and means Jfor leveling the' saine, of a drawing board fixedly mounted on the base, a telescope tiltably supported above the base and mounted for rotation about an axis perpendicular to theboard,i a lscale rotatable with the' telescope and supported close to the board, and means for supporting the said scale adjustably relative to the board, said scale havinga-straightjedge intersecting' the axis of rotation thereof and extending diametrically across the'board.

4. In an instrument of the class describedthe combination with a base and means for leveling the same, of ka drawing board tixedly mounted on the base, a telescope 'tiltably supported above the base and mounted for rotation about an aXis perpendicular to In testimony that I claim the foregoing the board, a scale rotatable with the teleas my own, I have hereto axed my signa- 10 scope and siilpported Idose to the board, a ture in the presence of two witnesses. computing c art tilta le with the te escope, x

a computing scale cooperating therewith, 'PHILIP B' DAYLOR level indicating means carried by the oom- Witnesses: puting scale, and means for leveling said IILLIAM F. HOUSMAN, scale. i H. L. DRESS. 

